MadhurjyaIntroduction
Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary is an essential ecological reserve located in the Karbi Anglong Autonomous District of Assam. Covering an extensive area of 451 square kilometers, this sanctuary plays a crucial role in wildlife conservation. Despite being a notified sanctuary, it remains underdeveloped, making it an untouched haven for diverse flora and fauna. It is also an important part of the Dhansiri-Lungding Elephant Reserve, supporting a wide range of wildlife species.
A Unique Ecological Landscape
One of the most distinctive features of Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary is its composition of four significant Reserve Forests:
- Miyungdisa District Council Reserve Forest (D.C.R.F.)
- Disama Reserve Forest
- Kaki Reserve Forest
- Englongkiri District Council Reserve Forest (D.C.R.F.)
These forested regions collectively contribute to the rich biodiversity of the sanctuary, making it an important site for conservation efforts.
Home to a Wide Range of Wildlife
The sanctuary is home to numerous endangered and rare species. Its thick forest cover, abundant food sources, and minimal human interference make it an ideal habitat for many animals.
Mammals Found in Marat Longri
Several species of mammals inhabit this region, including:
- Asiatic Elephant – A major attraction, these gentle giants roam freely within the dense forest.
- Royal Bengal Tiger – One of the top predators, the tiger plays a significant role in maintaining ecological balance.
- Binturong (Bearcat) – A rare, nocturnal mammal known for its prehensile tail.
- Himalayan Black Bear – Found in the hilly terrains, this species is an important part of the region’s ecosystem.
- Barking Deer – Commonly spotted in the forest, known for its unique vocalizations.
- Hoolock Gibbon – India’s only ape species, frequently seen swinging through the trees.
Rich Avian Diversity
Birdwatchers will find Marat Longri an incredible destination due to its high diversity of hilly and woodland bird species. Some notable ones include:
- Indian Pied Hornbill
- Crested Serpent Eagle
- Drongos and Woodpeckers
- Parakeets and Barbets
The varied landscape provides excellent nesting grounds, ensuring a thriving bird population.
Reptiles and Amphibians
The sanctuary is also home to various reptiles, including:
- Banded Krait – A venomous snake with striking black and yellow bands.
- Rock Python – A large non-venomous snake commonly found in the region.
- Monitor Lizard – These reptiles are often seen basking in the sun.
- Brown Hill Tortoise – A species that prefers the humid environment of the sanctuary.
Connection with Dhansiri Reserve Forest
A major highlight of Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary is its proximity to Dhansiri Reserve Forest, one of the largest reserve forests in Asia. This connection enhances the sanctuary’s biodiversity by allowing the free movement of wildlife across a vast landscape. The shared ecosystem between these two regions further strengthens conservation efforts, ensuring that various species thrive in their natural habitat.
Cultural and Historical Significance
Two of the reserve forests within Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary in Assam, Miyungdisa and Englongkiri, have been designated as District Council Reserve Forests (D.C.R.F.) since the 1970s. Unlike typical wildlife sanctuaries, these forests allow limited cultivation rights to local tribal communities, ensuring a unique balance between conservation and indigenous practices. This historical aspect makes Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary distinct from other sanctuaries, as it integrates both wildlife protection and traditional forest-based livelihoods, preserving Assam’s rich ecological and cultural heritage.
Best Time to Visit and Climate Conditions
Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary experiences a subtropical climate, making it suitable for wildlife throughout the year. However, the best time for exploration is from November to March, when temperatures are moderate and wildlife sightings are frequent.
- Temperature Range: Varies between 10°C in winter to 35°C in summer.
- Annual Rainfall: Receives heavy rainfall, contributing to its lush greenery.
The pleasant weather during the winter months offers an excellent opportunity to observe various animals and birds in their natural environment.
Importance of Conservation Efforts
Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary is not just a forested area; it plays a crucial role in conserving Endangered Species, maintaining biodiversity, and supporting ecological balance. The presence of large mammals like elephants and tigers highlights the need for continued protection against habitat destruction, poaching, and encroachment. Conservation projects focusing on habitat restoration, anti-poaching measures, and wildlife monitoring have been implemented to safeguard this region’s natural wealth.
Conclusion
Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary stands as a testament to Assam’s rich biodiversity. Despite being relatively underdeveloped, its role in protecting endangered species and preserving indigenous traditions makes it a unique ecological treasure. With its vast forests, diverse wildlife, and connection to the Dhansiri Reserve Forest, this sanctuary remains an essential part of India’s conservation efforts.
FAQ’s:
Where is Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary located?
Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary is in the Karbi Anglong Autonomous District of Assam. It covers an area of 451 square kilometers and is an important part of the Dhansiri-Lungding Elephant Reserve.
What makes Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary special?
The sanctuary is unique because it consists of four different Reserve Forests and is connected to Dhansiri Reserve Forest, one of the largest in Asia. It is home to a variety of animals, including tigers, elephants, and rare birds.
What kind of animals live in Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary?
The sanctuary is home to many wild animals like Asiatic elephants, Royal Bengal tigers, leopards, barking deer, Hoolock gibbons, and Himalayan black bears. It also has many reptiles, birds, and rare species like the Binturong (bearcat).
Is Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary open for visitors?
The sanctuary is a protected area, and while it is not a developed tourist spot, researchers, nature lovers, and conservationists visit for wildlife studies and observation.
Which birds can be seen in Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary?
There are many different species of birds, including Indian Pied Hornbills, Crested Serpent Eagles, Drongos, Parakeets, and various woodpeckers. The rich forest cover makes it an excellent birdwatching location.
What is the best time to visit Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary?
The best time to visit is from November to March when the weather is cool and pleasant. During this time, wildlife sightings are more frequent, and the forest is full of activity.
What kind of plants and trees grow in Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary?
The sanctuary has a mix of tropical and subtropical forests with dense vegetation, including large trees, thick undergrowth, and medicinal plants. It also has bamboo groves, which provide food and shelter for many animals.
Why is Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary important for conservation?
This sanctuary plays a major role in protecting endangered species and preserving Assam’s natural biodiversity. It helps maintain ecological balance and provides a safe habitat for many rare and threatened species.
Does the sanctuary allow human settlements?
Two of the reserve forests within Marat Longri (Miyungdisa and Englongkiri) are District Council Reserve Forests (D.C.R.F.), where local tribal communities have limited cultivation rights. However, the core area remains protected.
Is Marat Longri Wildlife Sanctuary connected to other forests?
Yes, it is adjacent to Dhansiri Reserve Forest, which is one of the largest in Asia. This connection allows wildlife to move freely between forest areas, making it an essential part of the larger ecosystem.
Neha Baruah
Madhurjya
