Neha BaruahRecent research has shown that myopia, or short-sightedness, now affects one in three children globally. This eye condition makes distant objects appear blurry and is increasingly common due to rising screen time and reduced outdoor activity, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Pandemic’s Role in the Myopia Epidemic
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered children’s daily routines, forcing them indoors for long periods due to lockdowns. As a result, many children spent excessive time on screens—whether for online classes, gaming, or entertainment—while missing out on crucial outdoor activities. This shift led to a sharp rise in myopia cases. A study published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology highlights that global myopia rates have tripled since 1990.
Staggering Global Myopia Statistics
The study, which analyzed data from over five million children across 50 countries, revealed striking regional differences. Asia faces the highest myopia rates, with 85% of children in Japan and 73% in South Korea affected. By contrast, countries like Paraguay and Uganda report significantly lower rates, affecting just 1% of children. In Western countries, including the UK, Ireland, and the US, approximately 15% of children are affected by myopia.
Myopia and Child Development
Myopia typically begins in primary school and progresses until around age 20, when the eye stops growing. Environmental factors, particularly in East Asia, where screen use and intensive reading are prevalent, contribute to the condition’s development. Experts predict that by 2050, more than half of the world’s teenagers could be myopic. The study also suggests a higher prevalence among girls and young women, who often spend less time outdoors.
Preventing Myopia in Children
Experts recommend that children spend at least two hours outdoors daily, especially between the ages of seven and nine, to help prevent myopia. Exposure to natural light is beneficial for eye health and may reduce the risk of developing the condition.
Understanding Myopia
Myopia, affecting over 30% of the global population, usually starts in childhood and worsens during adolescence. It occurs when the eyeball is too long, or the cornea is overly curved, causing distant objects to appear blurry. Severe myopia can lead to serious eye complications, including retinal detachment and glaucoma.
Treatment and Management Options
Treatments for myopia include prescription glasses or contact lenses, and newer approaches like orthokeratology, which uses special overnight lenses to reshape the eye. Spending more time outdoors can also help slow the progression of myopia. Genetics plays a role too; children with myopic parents are at a higher risk of developing the condition.
Neha Baruah
