Asik SyedAmidst global geopolitical tensions, India’s Ministry of External Affairs has reiterated the nation’s commitment to responsible arms trade practices. Addressing allegations related to arms supplies to Russia, the Ministry emphasized that Indian defence exports are governed by stringent controls, with companies operating within the bounds of international regulations and end-use obligations.
Strategic Trade Controls: A Pillar of National Security
India maintains a robust strategic trade control framework aimed at preventing the proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) and the unauthorized transfer of conventional arms. This system governs the export of dual-use goods—including software and technologies with potential civilian and military applications. All such exports require official authorisation, ensuring full alignment with global non-proliferation norms and treaties.
Driving Growth: India’s Defence Export Aspirations
India has set an ambitious defence export target of ₹50,000 crore by 2029. In the fiscal year 2024–25, exports surged to ₹23,622 crore, reflecting a 12.04% year-on-year increase. To support this momentum, the government has streamlined licensing procedures and extended support to both Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) and private defence manufacturers.
Export Licensing and Compliance Mechanism
India is a signatory to several key disarmament agreements, including the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological Weapons Convention. It also actively participates in export control regimes like the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR). The SCOMET list (Special Chemicals, Organisms, Materials, Equipment and Technologies) serves as the primary reference for regulated items. The Department of Defence Production (DDP) oversees the licensing and approval process for all military-grade exports.
Government Initiatives to Boost Defence Exports
The Indian government has rolled out a suite of policy initiatives aimed at accelerating defence production and international sales. The Defence Production and Export Promotion Policy (DPEPP) seeks to simplify regulatory processes and reduce bureaucratic hurdles. Additionally, the DDP now handles export licences for small arms and components, supported by an Export Promotion Cell and a dedicated online portal to process applications efficiently.
Key Milestones and Export Successes
India’s defence footprint now spans over 100 countries, with exports largely driven by PSUs. Notable success stories include the Dornier 228 aircraft and the BrahMos missile system. To further facilitate exports, the government has introduced the Open General Export Licence (OGEL)—a mechanism that allows pre-approved items to be exported without the need for individual authorisation, significantly reducing turnaround time.
Neha Baruah
